- Definition: Causality is the broader concept of a cause-and-effect relationship between two events or variables. It refers to the principle or theory that one event (the cause) leads to another event (the effect).
- Example: Smoking causes lung cancer. This is a statement of causality, indicating a direct relationship between the act of smoking and the occurrence of lung cancer.
- Focus: It is a philosophical and scientific concept that explores whether and how one thing influences another.
Key Difference between Causality & Causal Effect:
- Scope: Causal effect is a measurable quantity within the framework of causality. It is a specific manifestation or application of the broader principle of causality.
- Context: Causal effect is often used in empirical research and experiments, while causality is a general concept that can be applied across various domains, including philosophy, science, and statistics.
In summary, causal effect is a subset of causality that deals with quantifying the impact of one variable on another, while causality is the overarching concept of cause-and-effect relationships.